Method of trade marking carbon paper



Oct. 20, 1931. ME 1,828,374

METHOD OF TRADE MARKING CARBON PAPER Original Filed June 6. 1929 IIVIf/VTO/E Mum/v may.

Patented ()ct. 20,1931

NT orrlcs WILLIAM MENDEL, or BEVERLY, NEW JERSEY METHOD or TRADE mmxnvoomon PAPER Original application filed June 8, 1929,

Serial No. 868,993. Divided and this application filed June 30',

1930. Serial No. 464,956.

' This is a division of my application Serial No. 368,993 filed June 6, 1929, for Letters Patent of the 'United States No. 1,769,592 granted July 1,1930, for method of trade- 5 marking carbon paper, wherein the method herein disclosed is generically claimed.

My invention relates to the manufacture of transfer webs of tissue paper andthe like coated with transfer material, which is known to the trade as dope, and preferably a mixture of waxes, oils, and pigment, such as lamp black, if the material is to be used for what are called carbon copies from written impressions.

Commercial competition with respect to such products is such that it is highly desir-- able to mark each sheet in such a manner as to clearly manifest thereon the origin thereof, to prevent substitution of cheaper products unscrupulous dealers. It is also desirb axle to distinguish such products as to quality thereof and as to the capacity of the respective sheets for production of transfer im pressions. For instance, distinct marks upon such; products may respectively indicate the manufacturer thereof and the grade of the product, and the maximum capacity of the respective sheet as to the number of copies which may be simultaneously made with such sheets.

It has long been the practice to identify paper roducts with what are termed water marks i. e.,,regions of the paper which are reducedin thickness while the paper is wet. However, such marking is not only costly but, in the extremely thin tissues used for transfer purposes, such marking lessens the value of the product by causing perforations in the tissue. Printers ink imprints upon such tissues also render them liable to break at the edges of, the imprints and renders them less 4 capable of transferring impressions through? out the area covered by such imprints. It has also been proposedto apply to the faces'of the tissues from which transfer webs are to be formed, a penetrating markingfluid which penetrates from the coated side of the paper to the uncoated side so as to be visible from the back of. the paper and is of such nature as to resist absorption of the transfer coat-' more definitely specified.

sing throughout the area of the tissue thus that, as seen from the back, the area marked is of a lighter tint or shade than the sur-- rounding area, which has absorbed the oils and waxes from the carbon dope. I

It is the purpose and effect of my invention to mark such transfer webs with a chemical which imparts tothe material of the web a greater capacity for absorption of the oily substances from the dope coating than the areas of the web which are not thus treated, and with the effect that, as seen from the back. the marked area is darker in tint or shade than the surrounding area.

-My invention includes the various novel features of method and means: hereinafter In said drawings; Fig. I is a perspective v1ew of ,the back of a sheet of transfer web trade-marked in accordance with my invention.

Fig. II is a fragmentary elevation of a portion of the back of a transfer web trademarked in accordance with my invention and having additional marks respectively designating the quality and the capacity of the same. A

In Fig. I, I have shown a sheet of carbon paper 1 manifesting the trade-mark 2 by outthe capacity to render the tissue paper of the sheet 1 more absorbent of the 'oily part of the dope, where treated therewith than where it is not thus chemically treated.

In Fig. II, the transfer web 6 is provided with marks '7, 8, and 9, by the initial application to the web of a chemical capable of increasingthe absorbing capacity of'the web as aforesaid. However, said marks are for respectively different purposes; the mark 7 indicating the manufacturer; the mark 8'indicating the grade of the product; and the mark 9 indicating the capacity of the product as to the number of transfer copies which may be simultaneously made therewith from a single typewritten imprint. As indicated, each of said marks 7, 8, and 9 is darker than the surrounding area 10 of the web 6.

The contrast between the chemically treated area and the other areas of the transfer webs may be varied in accordance with the treatment of the latter after the transfer coating is applied thereto. For instance, the coated web may be passed over heated cylindrical rolls to cause the waxy, oily portion of the dope to be absorbed, more or less, by the web tissue according to the use to be made of the transfer web. The coating is applied hot, and if instantly chilled upon the surface of the web, absorption of the latter is minimized and impressions transferred therefrom are as dark as possible and, in fact, such chilled coatin may come off with a single impression, w ereas, in accordance with the degree of absorption, the impressions are fainter, and-more of them can be made.

The degree of absorption is variable in accordance with several factors, for instance, the temperature of the hot roll over which the web passes, the speed of its passa e, and the area of contact of the web and t e r011 during such passage.

It is important to note that, under such conditions of manufacture, applying to the tissue 'to be used for forming a transfer web, any material for trade-marking purposes, or otherwise, which resists absorption of the waxy, feres with the grading of the product by the heat treatment aforesaid in that such treatment is ineffective in causing such absorption throughout the areas thus marked. On the contrary, the use of my invention leaves all of the tissue with at least its initial capacity for absorption as aforesaid.

Although I have specified lamp black as a pigment and that is the principal ingredient of the transfer dope in what is known to the trade as carbon paper, there is a commercial demand for colored transfer material, and it IS to be understood that m invention may be advantageously employe in the manufacture of transfer webs of any color. For instance, the dope may include more or less of a pigment known to the trade as Victoria blue base in accordance with the tint or shade of blue desired. In manufacturing such colored products, the trade-marking may be effected with similar or contrasting colors. For instance, if the Webs are to be coated with dope colored with Victoria blue base, some of the latter may be mixed with the cellulose nitrate solvent efore the latter is applied.

oily substances from the dope, inter' For instance, I have found it convenient to use a mixture of 95% ethylene glycol mono ethyl ether acetate with 5% Victoria blue base, which colors the web, before the colored dope is ap lied thereto.

As a matter 0 economy and control of the solvents aforesaid, they may be mixed with diluents. For instance, ethylene glycol mono ethyl ether acetate and similar derivatives of ethylene glycol may be diluted with water. However, I prefer to employ a more volatile diluent, such as carbon tetrachloride or other liquid hydrocarbons. Although gasoline and naptha may be used in lieu of carbon tetrachloride as diluents of cellulose nitrate solvents; carbon tetrachloride is preferable because it is not inflammable like the other hydrocarbons aforesaid.

For example, twenty per cent., of ethylene glycol. mono ethyl ether acetate, or other derivative of ethylene glycol, may be diluted with eighty per cent., of carbon tetrachloride, and applied to the surface of the web by any convenient method or means.

However, in any case, it is characteristic of the use of my invention that the trademarked portion of the transfer web is darker than the surrounding area, instead of lighter, as in the prior art, exemplified, for instance, by Letters Patent of the United States No. 1,513,246 dated October 28, 1924, and No. 1,659,320 dated February 14, 1928, granted to William J onse Hughes, describing and claiming processes of marking paper by rendering a portion of the area thereof less than normally absorbent of the oily portion of the transfer material.

Therefore, I do not desire to limit myself I an acid which is capable of increasing the capacity of the web for absorption of waxy, oily transfer material, and then applying such transfer material to said web.

In testimony whereof,- I have hereunto signed my name at Burlington, New Jersey, this twenty-eighth day of June, 1930.

WILLIAM MENDEL.

IOI 

